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cognitive health

How Medications Affect Magnesium Levels (and What to Know)

 614 420 Riley Forbes
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Magnesium is a cornerstone mineral for health, essential for more than 600 enzymatic reactions in the human body. It plays a role in energy metabolism, cardiovascular function, stress response, and sleep regulation. However, magnesium balance can be disrupted by a variety of factors – including certain commonly used medications.

Long-term or frequent medication use can subtly deplete magnesium levels over time. Understanding which medications influence magnesium metabolism helps you take proactive steps to maintain balance and support overall wellness.*

An older man consults his doctor about medications and maintaining healthy magnesium levels.

Why Magnesium Depletion Occurs

Magnesium levels in the body are regulated through absorption in the gut, storage in bones and cells, and excretion through the kidneys. Some medications interfere with one or more of these processes – either by reducing absorption, increasing urinary loss, or altering how magnesium is distributed within tissues.

Because magnesium supports nerve transmission, muscle relaxation, and energy production, even mild depletion can affect how you feel daily. Over time, suboptimal levels may contribute to fatigue, muscle cramps, irritability, and difficulty sleeping.*

Who’s Most at Risk for Magnesium Depletion from Medications

Not everyone experiences the same degree of magnesium loss from medications. Certain populations may be more susceptible due to differences in metabolism, lifestyle, or overall health status.

Those most at risk include:

  • Older adults: Magnesium absorption efficiency naturally declines with age, and many older adults take multiple medications that compound this effect.
  • Individuals with digestive disorders: Conditions like celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, or chronic diarrhea can reduce magnesium uptake in the intestine.
  • People under chronic stress: Elevated cortisol levels increase urinary magnesium losses and may amplify medication-related depletion.
  • Athletes or individuals with high sweat output: Since magnesium is lost through perspiration, those with active lifestyles may have lower baseline reserves.
  • Individuals on long-term prescriptions: Continuous use of medications like diuretics or PPIs increases the cumulative effect on magnesium balance over time.*

Recognizing these factors allows for more targeted monitoring and prevention strategies.*

Medications That May Lower Magnesium Levels

1. Diuretics (Water Pills)

Loop and thiazide diuretics, often prescribed for high blood pressure or heart failure, increase magnesium loss through urine. When magnesium excretion rises, serum levels can gradually decline. Combining magnesium-rich foods or supplementation may help maintain balance under medical supervision.*

2. Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)

PPIs – commonly used for acid reflux and GERD – reduce stomach acidity, which impairs magnesium absorption in the intestine. Chronic PPI use has been associated with low serum magnesium levels, especially in older adults or those taking other magnesium-depleting medications.*

3. Certain Antibiotics

Medications in the aminoglycoside and macrolide classes can interfere with kidney reabsorption of magnesium, increasing losses through the urine. This effect typically appears with prolonged or high-dose antibiotic use.*

4. Oral Contraceptives and Hormone Therapies

Estrogen-containing medications influence magnesium utilization and retention. Some studies suggest that women taking oral contraceptives may have lower magnesium concentrations, which could affect mood stability or muscle tension over time.*

5. Chemotherapy Agents

Certain cancer therapies, such as cisplatin, can significantly deplete magnesium by damaging renal tubular cells. Patients receiving these treatments often require close monitoring of magnesium and other electrolytes to maintain balance.*

6. Insulin and Blood Sugar-Lowering Medications

Magnesium plays an essential role in glucose metabolism. Some insulin therapies and glucose-lowering drugs influence magnesium uptake in cells, contributing to fluctuations in magnesium status. Maintaining balanced magnesium levels helps support metabolic health and insulin sensitivity.*

Certain medications can lower magnesium levels, making nutrient balance essential for long-term wellness.

How to Support Magnesium Balance While Taking Medications

The good news is that nutrient balance can be maintained with intentional strategies. Consider the following evidence-based steps:

1. Monitor Your Magnesium Status

If you take any long-term medications, ask your healthcare provider about periodic magnesium testing – especially if you experience fatigue, muscle weakness, or sleep disturbances.

2. Focus on Magnesium-Rich Foods

Include leafy greens, nuts, seeds, legumes, avocados, and dark chocolate regularly. These whole foods not only provide magnesium but also supply cofactors such as vitamin B6 and antioxidants that support absorption.*

3. Consider Clinically Studied Supplementation

For individuals with higher magnesium demands, supplementation can help restore balance. Magtein® (magnesium L-threonate) offers a unique advantage – it effectively crosses the blood–brain barrier, supporting not only magnesium levels but also focus, memory, and mood regulation.*

4. Stay Hydrated and Balanced

Because magnesium works closely with other electrolytes – such as potassium and calcium – maintaining proper hydration and balanced nutrition is essential.

5. Collaborate With Your Healthcare Provider

Always discuss any supplements or dietary changes with your practitioner, particularly if you take prescription medications. Personalized guidance ensures safety and effective nutrient management.*

The Bottom Line

Medication-induced magnesium depletion is common but often overlooked. Because magnesium supports muscle, nerve, and brain function, maintaining healthy levels is key to overall vitality. Through mindful nutrition, consistent hydration, and evidence-based supplementation, it’s possible to restore balance and support long-term well-being – even while taking necessary medications.*

Staying hydrated and supporting magnesium balance helps promote energy and overall vitality.

References

  1. Gröber U, Schmidt J, Kisters K. Magnesium in Prevention and Therapy. Nutrients. 2015;7(9):8199–8226.
  2. Markovits N, Loebstein R, Halkin H, et al. Proton pump inhibitors-induced hypomagnesemia: A new challenge. Drug Saf. 2014;37(5):391–403.
  3. Firoz M, Graber M. Bioavailability of US commercial magnesium preparations. Magnes Res. 2001;14(4):257–262.
  4. Guo X, et al. Association between diuretic use and magnesium deficiency: Evidence from clinical and experimental studies. Nutrients. 2022;14(4):811–823.
  5. National Institutes of Health. Magnesium – Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Magnesium-HealthProfessional/. Accessed 2025.

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

The Different Forms of Magnesium and Why Magtein® Stands Apart

 610 408 Riley Forbes
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Understanding Magnesium’s Role in the Body

Magnesium is one of the most abundant minerals in the human body, involved in more than 600 enzymatic reactions. It supports energy production, muscle function, nerve signaling, and DNA synthesis. Because magnesium influences nearly every physiological system, balanced levels are essential for overall health and resilience.*

However, not all magnesium supplements act the same way. The compound that magnesium is bonded to determines how well it is absorbed, tolerated, and delivered to specific tissues. Understanding these differences can help you choose a formula that matches your individual goals – whether for muscle recovery, relaxation, or cognitive performance.*

With so many magnesium options available, understanding how each form works helps simplify your choice and ensure optimal nutrient support.*

Common Forms of Magnesium and Their Benefits

1. Magnesium Oxide

Magnesium oxide offers a high percentage of elemental magnesium, but it absorbs poorly in the digestive tract. Therefore, it is often used as a gentle osmotic laxative to support occasional constipation.*

2. Magnesium Citrate

This form combines magnesium with citric acid, improving solubility and absorption. It is widely used to promote regularity and ease muscle tension. However, higher doses may sometimes cause mild gastrointestinal discomfort.*

3. Magnesium Glycinate (or Bisglycinate)

Bound to the amino acid glycine, this form is both highly bioavailable and gentle on the stomach. It is a great choice for promoting relaxation, restful sleep, and balanced nervous system activity.*

4. Magnesium Malate

Magnesium malate binds magnesium to malic acid, a compound that supports energy metabolism in the Krebs cycle. This form is often preferred for promoting steady daytime energy and supporting muscle endurance.*

5. Magnesium Taurate

This form combines magnesium with taurine, an amino acid that helps regulate vascular tone and cardiac rhythm. As a result, magnesium taurate may help support cardiovascular and metabolic health.*

6. Magnesium L-Threonate (Magtein)

Developed by MIT researchers, Magtein combines magnesium with L-threonic acid, a metabolite of vitamin C. This structure allows magnesium to cross the blood–brain barrier efficiently, increasing magnesium concentrations in neurons. Magtein supports cognitive clarity, memory, and learning by influencing brain magnesium balance and synaptic plasticity.*

Why Magtein Stands Apart

Targeted Brain Delivery

Unlike other magnesium forms that act mainly in muscles or the digestive system, Magtein was engineered to reach the central nervous system. Its L-threonic acid component enhances transport across the blood–brain barrier, allowing magnesium to enter neurons directly. Once inside, it helps sustain focus, memory, and overall neural efficiency.*

Backed by Clinical Research

Multiple human studies – including those published in Neuron (2010), Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease (2016), and Sleep Medicine X (2024) – demonstrate that magnesium L-threonate may:

  • Support working memory and cognitive flexibility*
  • Promote relaxation and improve sleep quality*
  • Enhance next-day focus and balanced mood*

Together, these findings emphasize Magtein’s ability to elevate brain magnesium levels and reinforce long-term cognitive health.*

Synergy with Daily Habits

Magtein works best when paired with consistent, health-focused routines. Combining supplementation with balanced nutrition, regular exercise, and restorative sleep improves magnesium utilization. Including magnesium-rich foods – such as leafy greens, legumes, and nuts – also reinforces mineral balance.

Additionally, staying hydrated and managing stress help sustain magnesium levels. Practices like mindfulness or light stretching can further enhance magnesium’s positive effects on focus and calm.*

Whole-food sources of magnesium, combined with balanced habits, help sustain calm focus and reinforce the benefits of daily Magtein use.*

Choosing the Right Form for Your Goals

While many magnesium forms promote general wellness, Magtein (magnesium L-threonate) is uniquely designed to reach the brain and optimize neural health. Unlike forms that primarily act in muscles or the digestive tract, Magtein targets cognitive performance – helping preserve focus, clarity, and long-term memory.*

Traditional forms of magnesium – such as citrate, glycinate, or oxide – mainly influence muscle comfort or relaxation. These remain valuable for physical wellness, yet they don’t significantly increase brain magnesium levels. In contrast, Magtein crosses the blood–brain barrier to raise magnesium concentration inside neurons, supporting synaptic plasticity and healthy cognitive aging.*

When the goal is sharper focus, calmer mood, and more restorative sleep, Magtein offers a complete, science-based solution. It fits naturally into daily wellness routines and complements nutrient-dense meals, regular movement, and mindfulness for balanced, whole-body vitality.*

References

  1. Slutsky I, Abumaria N, Wu LJ, et al. Enhancement of Learning and Memory by Elevating Brain Magnesium. Neuron. 2010; 65(2):165–177. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2009.12.026
  2. Liu G, Weinger JG, Lu ZL, Xue F, Sadeghpour S. “Efficacy and Safety of MMFS-01, a Synapse Density Enhancer, for Treating Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.” J Alzheimer’s Dis. 2016;49:971-990.
  3. Hausenblas H, Lynch T, Hooper S, Shrestha A, Rosendale D, Gu J. “Magnesium-L-threonate improves sleep quality and daytime functioning in adults with self-reported sleep problems: A randomized controlled trial.” Sleep Medicine: X. August 17, 2024.
  4. Gröber U, Schmidt J, Kisters K. Magnesium in Prevention and Therapy. Nutrients. 2015; 7(9):8199–8226.
  5. National Institutes of Health. Magnesium – Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Magnesium-HealthProfessional/. Accessed 2025.

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

How Magtein® Helps You Manage Holiday Stress

 612 406 Riley Forbes
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The Holiday Paradox: Joy and Overload

The holiday season brings together celebration, connection, and reflection – but it can also introduce stress. Between travel, social obligations, disrupted routines, and irregular sleep, it’s easy for the body and mind to feel overstimulated. Heightened stress levels can affect mood, focus, and even sleep quality.

During these periods, supporting the brain’s stress-regulating systems becomes essential. Magnesium plays a key role in this process, helping maintain calm neural activity and balanced mood under pressure. Magtein (magnesium L-threonate), a specialized form of magnesium that targets brain health, offers a science-backed way to promote relaxation and mental clarity through the holidays.*

Holiday gatherings bring joy and connection, but Magtein helps support calm focus when stress builds.

Magnesium and the Stress Response

When stress levels rise, the body activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, releasing cortisol and adrenaline to help you adapt. While this system is protective in the short term, chronic or repeated stress can deplete magnesium stores, making it harder to regulate mood and energy.

Magnesium supports the body’s ability to “reset” after stress by:

  • Regulating the HPA Axis: Magnesium helps modulate the stress response, balancing cortisol output and promoting recovery after acute stress.*
  • Supporting GABA Pathways: By enhancing GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) activity – the brain’s main calming neurotransmitter – magnesium reduces neural excitability and promotes relaxation.*
  • Reducing Excitatory Overload: It acts as a natural calcium blocker, preventing overstimulation of NMDA receptors and supporting mental balance during demanding periods.*

However, not all magnesium forms effectively reach the brain. That’s where Magtein stands apart.

Magtein: Supporting Calm and Clarity

Magtein (magnesium L-threonate) is a patented compound developed by MIT researchers to elevate magnesium concentrations in the brain. Unlike other magnesium salts that primarily act in the digestive tract, Magtein crosses the blood–brain barrier, where it supports neuronal stability and communication.*

Research published in Sleep Medicine X (2024) and the Journal of the American College of Nutrition (2022) shows that magnesium L-threonate can help:

  • Support relaxation before bed and improve sleep quality*
  • Promote calm focus during the day by balancing excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters*
  • Enhance resilience and mood balance during stressful situations*

By maintaining optimal brain magnesium, Magtein supports mental clarity and composure – two qualities that are invaluable when life becomes fast-paced or emotionally demanding.

Magtein helps maintain relaxation and balance, promoting calm clarity even during the busiest holiday season.

How Stress Impacts the Brain and Sleep

Prolonged stress affects multiple pathways in the brain, especially those responsible for energy metabolism, focus, and rest. Elevated cortisol levels can interfere with deep sleep and REM cycles, which are essential for emotional regulation.

Magnesium contributes to balanced circadian rhythm function and helps transition the nervous system from “fight-or-flight” to “rest-and-digest.” This is particularly important during the holidays, when disrupted schedules or late-night events can interfere with normal recovery patterns.*

Practical Tips: Using Magtein for Holiday Resilience

To get the most from Magtein during busy or stressful periods, consistency and timing matter.

Taking Magtein before bed supports relaxation and restorative sleep for better mood and energy balance.

Calm Energy for a Joyful Season

While the holidays can test emotional resilience, they also offer an opportunity to strengthen it. Supporting your nervous system with brain-focused nutrients like Magtein helps sustain calm, focus, and clear thinking – even when schedules are demanding.

By combining Magtein with consistent routines, mindful relaxation, and nourishing foods, you can stay grounded and enjoy the season with presence and vitality.*

Summary: Balance Over Burnout

Holiday stress doesn’t have to mean exhaustion or overwhelm. Magtein offers targeted support for the brain’s stress-response system, promoting calm energy, focus, and restorative sleep when you need it most.* 

By nourishing your brain magnesium levels and maintaining balance through mindful daily practices, you can transform seasonal stress into sustained energy and calm resilience – carrying that clarity well beyond the holidays.*

References

  1. Hausenblas H, Lynch T, Hooper S, Shrestha A, Rosendale D, Gu J. “Magnesium-L-threonate improves sleep quality and daytime functioning in adults with self-reported sleep problems: A randomized controlled trial.” Sleep Medicine: X. August 17, 2024
  2. Hewlings SJ, Kalman DS. “A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Comparator Trial Evaluating Magtein Magnesium Supplement on Quality of Life as Related to Levels of Stress, Anxiety, Fear and Other Indicators.” EC Nutrition 17.3 (2022): 07-14.
  3. Slutsky I, Abumaria N, Wu LJ, et al. Enhancement of learning and memory by elevating brain magnesium. Neuron. 2010;65(2):165–177.
  4. National Institutes of Health. Magnesium – Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Magnesium-HealthProfessional/. Accessed 2025.

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Magtein® for Student Focus: Boosting Brain Power During Finals

 608 402 Riley Forbes
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Why Cognitive Support Matters During Finals

Finals season brings intense focus, long study hours, and heightened stress – conditions that challenge both the brain and body. Mental fatigue, disrupted sleep, and fluctuating energy levels can make it harder to retain information or perform under pressure. While students often turn to caffeine or stimulants for quick relief, these temporary boosts can also lead to energy crashes, anxiety, or restless nights.

Instead, supporting the brain’s natural processes for focus, learning, and recovery provides a more sustainable edge. Nutrients that enhance synaptic efficiency and relaxation – like magnesium L-threonate (Magtein) – can help the mind stay sharp while maintaining calm, balanced energy throughout the exam period.*

Stay calm and focused through finals. Magtein supports learning, memory, and balanced energy for sustained academic performance.

How Magtein Supports Student Focus

Magtein (magnesium L-threonate) is a unique form of magnesium developed by MIT researchers to raise magnesium levels specifically within the brain. Unlike other magnesium salts that act primarily in the gut or muscles, Magtein crosses the blood-brain barrier – enhancing neuronal communication and supporting the foundation of learning and memory.*

1. Enhances Learning and Memory Formation

Inside the brain, magnesium regulates NMDA and AMPA receptors – critical for synaptic plasticity, or the ability of neurons to strengthen and form new connections. During high-demand periods such as finals, these processes determine how efficiently information is learned and recalled. Maintaining optimal magnesium levels can help the brain process new material more effectively and consolidate memories during sleep.*

2. Promotes Calm Concentration

Excessive neural stimulation can lead to distraction, irritability, or “mental fog.” Magnesium helps stabilize excitatory neurotransmitters like glutamate and supports the production of GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid), the brain’s main calming messenger. As a result, Magtein helps maintain focus without overstimulation, supporting calm alertness during study sessions and exams.*

3. Reduces the Effects of Academic Stress

Intense study routines can elevate cortisol levels and deplete magnesium stores. Research shows that magnesium plays a key role in regulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, the body’s stress-response system. By replenishing magnesium, Magtein supports a balanced physiological response to academic stress – helping students remain composed and resilient through long exam periods.*

Balanced magnesium levels promote steady focus, calm concentration, and mental clarity – helping students recharge between exams.

Timing Magtein for Maximum Focus and Recovery

Consistency matters more than the exact hour of intake, but timing can help maximize the desired effect.

  • Morning Use: Taking Magtein in the morning supports focus, cognitive performance, and task retention throughout the day. Pair it with breakfast for improved absorption and steady energy.*
  • Evening Use: For students who struggle with restlessness, taking Magtein 30-60 minutes before bedtime may promote relaxation and improve sleep quality. Deep sleep consolidates memory and prepares the brain for next-day learning.*
  • Consistent Daily Use: Regular intake maintains stable brain magnesium levels, supporting cumulative benefits for learning and mental clarity.*

Synergistic Study Habits for Brain Performance

Magtein works best as part of a holistic approach to learning and recovery. To optimize cognitive performance during finals week, combine magnesium support with evidence-based study and lifestyle strategies:

  • Structured Study Blocks: Focused, time-bound sessions (such as 50-minute blocks) help reduce burnout and maintain retention.
  • Sleep Optimization: Deep sleep is essential for memory consolidation and neural repair. Aim for 7-9 hours nightly to reinforce magnesium-dependent brain recovery.*
  • Nutrition for Cognitive Endurance: Prioritize whole grains, leafy greens, and omega-3-rich foods like salmon or walnuts. These supply essential nutrients for energy metabolism and brain cell integrity.*
  • Movement and Microbreaks: Light physical activity increases cerebral blood flow and relieves tension, helping reset focus between study periods.
Pairing Magtein with mindful movement like yoga supports calm focus, cognitive balance, and sustained mental performance during demanding study periods.

The Student Advantage: Brain Health Beyond Exams

While Magtein is often highlighted for its role in focus and memory, its benefits extend well beyond finals week. Maintaining optimal brain magnesium levels supports clarity, learning efficiency, and cognitive flexibility long-term. Students who build these habits early can cultivate greater mental resilience and academic confidence – skills that translate to lifelong performance and well-being.*

Summary: Smarter Study, Stronger Focus

Academic performance depends not only on hard work but also on how effectively the brain functions under stress. Magtein provides nutritional support for focus, calm energy, and cognitive clarity – helping students learn efficiently, recall accurately, and rest deeply when it matters most. By pairing magnesium support with smart study habits and restorative sleep, students can optimize both mental endurance and overall well-being during finals season – and beyond.*

References

  1. Slutsky I, Abumaria N, Wu LJ, et al. Enhancement of learning and memory by elevating brain magnesium. Neuron. 2010;65(2):165-177.
  2. Liu G, Weinger JG, Lu ZL, Xue F, Sadeghpour S. Efficacy and Safety of MMFS-01, a Synapse Density Enhancer, for Treating Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. J Alzheimers Dis. 2016;49(4):971-990. doi:10.3233/JAD-150538 
  3. Hausenblas HA, Lynch T, Hooper S, Shrestha A, Rosendale D, Gu J. Magnesium-L-threonate improves sleep quality and daytime functioning in adults with self-reported sleep problems: A randomized controlled trial. Sleep Med X. 2024;8:100121. Published 2024 Aug 17. doi:10.1016/j.sleepx.2024.100121
  4. Hewlings SJ, Kalman DS. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, comparator trial evaluating Magtein® magnesium supplement on quality of life as related to levels of stress, anxiety, fear and other indicators. J Am Coll Nutr. 2022;41(7):673-683.

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

What Are Nootropics and How Does Magtein® Fit In?

 806 534 Riley Forbes
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Understanding Nootropics

The term nootropics refers to nutrients and compounds that support cognitive performance, including memory, focus, learning, and mental clarity. The word originates from the Greek noos (mind) and tropos (to turn or guide), emphasizing their role in optimizing brain function.

While the concept of “smart drugs” has been popularized in media, true nootropics focus on long-term brain support rather than short-term stimulation. Nutrients, amino acids, and botanicals with neuroprotective and neuro-supportive properties can all fall under this category.

Clinically studied nootropics often support one or more of the following mechanisms:

  • Enhancing neurotransmitter balance (acetylcholine, GABA, dopamine)
  • Supporting neuroplasticity and synaptic efficiency
  • Reducing oxidative stress and inflammation
  • Optimizing cerebral blood flow and energy metabolism*
Balanced brain function begins with proper support. Nootropics like Magtein help sustain focus, learning, and cognitive resilience naturally.

In particular, natural nootropics such as citicoline, L-theanine, Bacopa monnieri, and magnesium L-threonate (Magtein) each influence distinct pathways within the brain.*

How Nootropics Support Brain Function

The brain requires immense energy and precise communication between billions of neurons to function optimally. Nootropics help sustain this efficiency through several mechanisms:

  1. Neurotransmitter Modulation: Nootropics influence the release and uptake of key messengers like glutamate, acetylcholine, and GABA – balancing stimulation and relaxation for improved focus and calm alertness.*
  2. Neuroplasticity and Synaptic Density: Certain compounds, such as magnesium L-threonate, promote synaptic plasticity – the brain’s ability to form and strengthen connections. This is crucial for learning, adaptability, and memory retention.*
  3. Energy Metabolism and Mitochondrial Support: The brain consumes nearly 20% of the body’s energy. Nutrients like magnesium and B vitamins assist in ATP production, supporting sustained cognitive endurance and reduced mental fatigue.*
  4. Neuroprotection: By buffering oxidative stress and supporting cellular repair, nootropics contribute to long-term brain health and resilience – especially under conditions of stress or aging.*
Healthy synaptic communication supports memory and learning. Magtein helps maintain magnesium levels essential for optimal brain signaling.

Magtein: A Brain-Focused Form of Magnesium

Among the most researched nootropics is Magtein (magnesium L-threonate), developed by MIT researchers to specifically support brain magnesium levels. Unlike other magnesium salts that act primarily in the muscles or gut, Magtein crosses the blood-brain barrier, directly influencing neuronal activity and plasticity.*

Magnesium is essential for more than 600 enzymatic reactions and plays a central role in neurotransmission and synaptic regulation. Within the brain, it modulates NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) and AMPA (α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid) receptors, both of which are critical for learning and memory processes.

Clinical studies – including those published in Neuron (2010), Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease (2016), and Sleep Medicine X (2024) – have demonstrated that magnesium L-threonate supplementation may:

  • Support working memory, learning ability, and cognitive flexibility*
  • Promote relaxation and improve sleep quality through balanced neurotransmission*
  • Support focus and next-day mental clarity*

Because it enhances brain magnesium levels, Magtein fits naturally within the nootropic category as a foundation nutrient that optimizes neural efficiency and long-term cognitive health.*

Integrating Nootropics Into a Healthy Routine

Nootropics work best when integrated into a holistic lifestyle that includes:

  • Balanced Nutrition: Emphasize whole foods, omega-3 fats, and magnesium-rich vegetables.
  • Consistent Sleep: Deep sleep consolidates memory and supports magnesium-dependent brain repair.
  • Mental Engagement: Learning new skills, reading, or practicing mindfulness reinforces neural pathways that nootropics help support.*
  • Stress Regulation: Chronic stress depletes magnesium and affects focus – making restorative practices essential.*

Magtein complements these practices by maintaining healthy neuronal signaling and enhancing the brain’s ability to adapt, learn, and recover from daily stressors.*

By using Magtein daily, you support mental clarity, mood balance, and long-term cognitive wellness- therefore helping maintain the foundation of healthy aging.

Summary: Building a Smarter, Resilient Brain

Nootropics represent a forward-looking approach to cognitive health – supporting the brain’s natural capacity to perform, adapt, and recover. Within this landscape, Magtein (magnesium L-threonate) stands out as a scientifically supported, foundational nootropic that nourishes brain pathways from the cellular level up. By combining consistent magnesium support with nutrient-dense foods, quality sleep, and daily mental engagement, individuals can foster long-term focus, memory, and emotional resilience.*

References

  1. Slutsky I, Abumaria N, Wu LJ, et al. Enhancement of learning and memory by elevating brain magnesium. Neuron. 2010;65(2):165-177.
  2. Liu G, Weinger JG, Lu ZL, Xue F, Sadeghpour S. Efficacy and Safety of MMFS-01, a Synapse Density Enhancer, for Treating Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. J Alzheimers Dis. 2016;49(4):971-990. doi:10.3233/JAD-150538 
  3. Hausenblas HA, Lynch T, Hooper S, Shrestha A, Rosendale D, Gu J. Magnesium-L-threonate improves sleep quality and daytime functioning in adults with self-reported sleep problems: A randomized controlled trial. Sleep Med X. 2024;8:100121. Published 2024 Aug 17. doi:10.1016/j.sleepx.2024.100121
  4. Hewlings SJ, Kalman DS. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, comparator trial evaluating Magtein® magnesium supplement on quality of life as related to levels of stress, anxiety, fear and other indicators. J Am Coll Nutr. 2022;41(7):673-683.

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Magnesium and Memory: The Connection Between Recall and Cognition

 930 522 Riley Forbes
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Magnesium is one of the most abundant minerals in the human body, yet its importance for brain health is often underestimated. Beyond supporting muscles, nerves, and energy production, magnesium plays a vital role in the processes that underlie learning, recall, and cognitive performance. Emerging research – particularly on Magtein® (magnesium L-threonate) – suggests that maintaining healthy magnesium levels in the brain may be essential for memory and long-term cognitive resilience.*

Magnesium, especially Magtein, supports memory and cognitive clarity in adults.

Why Magnesium Matters for the Brain

Inside the brain, magnesium supports more than 600 enzymatic reactions, many of which are directly tied to neural activity. It regulates the flow of ions like calcium and glutamate across nerve cells. This helps stabilize communication between neurons and prevents overstimulation.

One of magnesium’s most important functions involves the NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptor. This receptor is critical for synaptic plasticity – the brain’s ability to form, strengthen, or weaken neural connections in response to experience. Synaptic plasticity is the foundation of learning and memory formation. When magnesium levels are low, NMDA receptors can become overactive. This overactivity leads to excessive calcium influx and neural stress. Sufficient magnesium helps regulate receptor activity, promoting optimal signal transmission and long-term memory encoding.*

Magnesium also influences neurotransmitters such as GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid), which supports relaxation and balanced brain wave patterns. This creates the internal environment necessary for focus, recall, and cognitive clarity. Additionally, magnesium modulates AMPA (α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid) receptors. AMPA receptors mediate fast excitatory synaptic transmission, which is essential for synaptic plasticity, learning, and short-term memory formation.*

How Magnesium Supports Memory and Learning

Cognitive performance depends on a delicate balance of neuronal excitation and inhibition. Too much stimulation can impair focus, while too little can dull processing speed. Magnesium helps maintain this balance through several key mechanisms:

  • Synaptic Density and Plasticity: Magnesium supports the formation and pruning of synapses. This allows neurons to communicate more efficiently. Animal studies show that increasing brain magnesium levels enhances synaptic density in the hippocampus, the brain’s primary memory center.*
  • Mitochondrial Function: Magnesium is required for ATP production. This ensures neurons have sufficient energy to transmit and process information.
  • Neuroprotection: Adequate magnesium helps buffer oxidative stress and inflammation. Both oxidative stress and inflammation can impair brain performance over time.*
  • Cognitive Flexibility: By modulating NMDA and AMPA receptor activity, magnesium supports adaptability. This enhances the ability to shift attention, learn new skills, and store information effectively.*

Together, these mechanisms demonstrate why magnesium is essential not only for momentary mental clarity but also for maintaining cognitive function across the lifespan.

Magtein: A Brain-Focused Form of Magnesium

Most dietary magnesium forms, such as magnesium oxide or citrate, are absorbed into the bloodstream but have limited impact on brain magnesium levels. That’s where Magtein (magnesium L-threonate) stands apart.

Developed by MIT researchers, Magtein combines magnesium with L-threonic acid, a metabolite of vitamin C. This combination helps magnesium cross the blood-brain barrier more effectively. Clinical and preclinical studies suggest that Magtein can significantly increase magnesium concentrations within brain cells, directly influencing synaptic plasticity and memory formation.*

In one landmark study published in Neuron (2010), animals receiving magnesium L-threonate demonstrated improved learning ability, working memory, and short- and long-term recall. Follow-up human research has shown that daily supplementation with 1.5-2 grams of Magtein (providing 108-144 mg of elemental magnesium) can support cognitive clarity and memory retention, particularly in middle-aged and older adults.*

Healthy magnesium levels support sharper thinking, better memory, and vibrant social connection as we age.

While these findings are promising, it’s important to note that Magtein is not intended to treat or prevent cognitive decline. Instead, it supports the brain’s natural processes involved in memory and attention.*

Lifestyle Synergy: Building a Brain-Healthy Routine

Magnesium works best as part of an integrated approach to brain health. Combining nutrient-rich foods, consistent sleep, and mental engagement creates a foundation for optimal cognition. Consider incorporating:

  • Magnesium-rich foods: Spinach, pumpkin seeds, almonds, and legumes provide dietary magnesium that complements supplementation.
  • Quality sleep: Deep sleep stages consolidate memories. Consistent rest supports magnesium-dependent neural recovery.
  • Cognitive engagement: Learning new skills or engaging in stimulating conversation reinforces neural circuits that magnesium helps sustain.
  • Stress management: Mindfulness and exercise can reduce cortisol, supporting magnesium balance and neuroplasticity.*

The Bigger Picture: Magnesium and Nootropic Support

As interest in nootropics – nutrients and compounds that support cognitive performance – continues to grow, magnesium stands out as a foundational element. Its ability to enhance neural communication, stabilize mood, and promote clarity makes it a natural complement to other evidence-based cognitive nutrients.*

Lifestyle strategies like stress management and quality sleep enhance magnesium’s effect on memory and cognition.

Summary

Magnesium is a cornerstone of brain function. It supports energy production, synaptic communication, neuroprotection, and cognitive flexibility. Magtein (magnesium L-threonate) is uniquely designed to raise magnesium levels in the brain. This can enhance learning, memory encoding, and recall. Pairing magnesium with lifestyle strategies – including quality sleep, cognitive engagement, and stress management – supports optimal brain performance, long-term cognitive resilience, and overall neural health. Emerging research continues to clarify magnesium’s role in neuroplasticity, mood regulation, and attention. Altogether, this highlights magnesium’s essential place in a daily brain wellness routine.*

References

  1. Slutsky I, Abumaria N, Wu LJ, et al. Enhancement of learning and memory by elevating brain magnesium. Neuron. 2010;65(2):165-177. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2009.12.026
  2. Zhou X, Huang Z, Zhang J, et al. Chronic Oral Administration of Magnesium-L-Threonate Prevents Oxaliplatin-Induced Memory and Emotional Deficits by Normalization of TNF-α/NF-κB Signaling in Rats. Neurosci Bull. 2021;37(1):55-69. doi:10.1007/s12264-020-00563-x
  3. Hausenblas HA, Lynch T, Hooper S, Shrestha A, Rosendale D, Gu J. Magnesium-L-threonate improves sleep quality and daytime functioning in adults with self-reported sleep problems: A randomized controlled trial. Sleep Med X. 2024;8:100121. Published 2024 Aug 17. doi:10.1016/j.sleepx.2024.100121
  4. National Institutes of Health. Magnesium – Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Magnesium-HealthProfessional/. Accessed 2025.

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

How Much Magtein® Should I Take?

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Understanding Magnesium L-Threonate Dosage

One of the most common questions people ask about Magtein (magnesium L-threonate) is how much to take. The answer isn’t always simple. Because magnesium L-threonate is a specialized compound, the amount of elemental magnesium it provides differs from the total compound weight listed on supplement labels.

Understanding this difference helps you compare magnesium supplements accurately. It also ensures that your intake aligns with what has been studied in clinical research.*

Empower your wellness by understanding what’s really in your magnesium.

Elemental Magnesium vs. Total Compound: Why the Numbers Look Different

Each form of magnesium contains a different percentage of elemental magnesium – the pure magnesium your body can use. Magnesium oxide, citrate, glycinate, and L-threonate all vary in how much magnesium they deliver.

For Magtein, each gram of magnesium L-threonate provides roughly 7-8% elemental magnesium. That means a 2-gram dose delivers about 144 mg of elemental magnesium.

This can be confusing because supplement labels often list the total compound weight – for example, “2,000 mg of magnesium L-threonate.” However, that number doesn’t represent the actual amount of magnesium.The advantage of magnesium L-threonate lies not only in its magnesium content but also in its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. This allows it to support brain magnesium levels more effectively than many other forms.*

Magtein Dosage in Clinical Research

Human studies have explored how different daily doses of Magtein affect brain function, mood, and sleep quality. Across multiple trials – including those published in Neuropharmacology (Slutsky et al., 2010), Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease (Liu et al., 2016), and Sleep Medicine X (Hausenblas et al., 2024) – participants typically took between 1.5 and 2 grams per day of magnesium L-threonate.

Here’s what these studies found:

  • 1.5 grams per day (approximately 108 mg elemental magnesium) supported cognitive function and mood balance in adults weighing 50-70 kg (110-155 lbs).
  • 2 grams per day (approximately 144 mg elemental magnesium) supported sleep quality, focus, and resilience in adults weighing 70-90 kg (155-200 lbs).
  • The compound was well-tolerated across studies, with mild gastrointestinal effects being rare and transient.

These results suggest that body weight may play a role in ideal dosing, though more research is needed to confirm this relationship.*

When to Take Magtein

Timing can affect how well your body absorbs magnesium. Most research protocols divided the total daily dose into two or three servings – for example, one dose in the morning and one in the evening.

Taking Magtein with or after a meal can support steady absorption. Many people also find that an evening dose aligns with magnesium’s natural role in helping the body relax before rest.*

More importantly, consistency matters. Regular use appears to support gradual increases in brain magnesium over time, as shown in clinical research.*

Daily habits matter most – create a magnesium routine that lasts.

How Magtein Differs from Other Magnesium Forms

Many magnesium supplements are formulated to support muscle relaxation, digestion, or general magnesium replenishment. Magtein is different. It was developed to elevate magnesium levels in the brain – an area that most magnesium forms struggle to reach.

This difference comes from its unique structure. Magtein combines magnesium with L-threonic acid, a metabolite of vitamin C that improves solubility and cellular transport. In published studies, this structure increased brain magnesium concentrations, which may support mental clarity, focus, and restorative sleep.*

Safety and Considerations

Magtein is considered safe for adults when used at the studied doses of 1.5-2 grams per day. Individuals with kidney disease or those taking medications that affect magnesium levels should consult a healthcare provider before use.

Because magnesium can have a gentle laxative effect in higher doses, starting at the lower end of the clinical range and gradually adjusting may help your body adapt comfortably.*

Remember, supplements should always complement – rather than replace – a balanced diet and healthy lifestyle. Adequate hydration, a magnesium-rich diet (including leafy greens, nuts, and legumes), and consistent sleep routines all work together to support overall wellness.*

Balanced nutrition and lifestyle habits complement Magtein supplementation. Pair magnesium-rich foods and a consistent sleep routine to support long-term brain and body wellness.

Key Takeaway: Science-Backed Dosing for Brain and Sleep Support

Magtein stands apart from other magnesium forms by combining advanced bioavailability with strong scientific support. Research suggests that 1.5-2 grams daily, taken in divided doses, can be an effective range for most adults. This dosage supports focus, relaxation, and restorative sleep as part of a healthy routine.*

References

  1. Slutsky I, Abumaria N, Wu LJ, et al. Enhancement of learning and memory by elevating brain magnesium. Neuron. 2010;65(2):165–177.
  2. Liu G, Weinger JG, Lu ZL, et al. Chronic oral administration of magnesium-L-threonate improves learning and memory and upregulates synaptic plasticity-related proteins in aged rats. J Alzheimers Dis. 2016;49(4):953–966.
  3. Hausenblas HA, Lynch T, Hooper S, et al. Magnesium-L-threonate improves sleep quality and daytime functioning in adults with self-reported sleep problems: A randomized controlled trial. Sleep Med X. 2024;8:100121.
  4. National Institutes of Health (NIH). Magnesium – Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Magnesium-HealthProfessional/
  5. WebMD. Magnesium: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Dosage, and Warning. https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-998/magnesium/

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Signs and Symptoms of Magnesium Deficiency

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Magnesium is an essential mineral that plays a critical role in over 300 biochemical reactions in the human body. Despite its importance, many adults do not achieve optimal magnesium intake. Low magnesium levels can subtly impact physical and mental health, often manifesting through a range of signs and symptoms. Understanding these signals and supporting magnesium intake through diet and supplementation can help maintain overall wellness.*

Balanced meals rich in magnesium help support vitality and overall wellness at every age.*

What Is Magnesium Deficiency?

Magnesium deficiency, also known as hypomagnesemia, occurs when the body’s magnesium levels fall below what’s needed to support cellular and biochemical processes.

Because magnesium is mostly stored inside cells and bones, blood levels can remain “normal” even when total body stores are low. As a result, mild magnesium deficiency often goes undetected – manifesting subtly through fatigue, mood changes, muscle tension, or restless sleep before it becomes clinically measurable.

Low magnesium status may result from inadequate dietary intake, excessive losses through sweat or urine, gastrointestinal issues that reduce absorption, or increased needs due to stress, aging, or certain medications. Research indicates that 50-70% of adults consume less magnesium than the recommended daily allowance, making it one of the most common micronutrient shortfalls worldwide.*

Common Signs and Symptoms of Magnesium Deficiency

Magnesium deficiency can present in both mild and more pronounced ways. While the severity and specific symptoms vary by individual, common indicators include:

  • Muscle Cramps and Spasms: Magnesium regulates calcium and potassium in muscle cells. Low magnesium can increase excitability of muscles, leading to twitches, cramps, or spasms.
  • Fatigue and Low Energy: Magnesium is vital for ATP production – the energy currency of cells. Insufficient magnesium may result in feelings of tiredness or decreased endurance.
  • Sleep Disturbances: Magnesium modulates neurotransmitters involved in relaxation, such as GABA. Low levels can contribute to difficulty falling asleep, restless sleep, or reduced sleep quality.
  • Mood Changes: Magnesium influences NMDA and GABA receptor activity, impacting emotional regulation. Deficiency may contribute to irritability, anxiety, or difficulty managing stress.
  • Cardiovascular Irregularities: Magnesium supports heart rhythm and vascular tone. Inadequate magnesium intake can occasionally be linked to palpitations or increased blood pressure.
  • Cognitive Impairments: Magnesium-dependent enzymes are crucial for synaptic plasticity and memory formation. Low magnesium may subtly affect focus, learning, and short-term memory.
Adequate magnesium supports calm, restorative sleep and helps the body relax naturally.*

Why Magnesium Matters

Magnesium is a fundamental mineral involved in more than 300 enzymatic reactions in the body, spanning critical functions such as ATP production, DNA and RNA synthesis, and protein formation. Magnesium acts as a cofactor in energy metabolism, stabilizes ATP molecules, and supports phosphate transfer – all essential for cellular energy and function.

Neurologically, magnesium regulates neurotransmitter release and maintains excitatory-inhibitory balance in the brain. It influences NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) and GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) receptor activity, which are key for synaptic plasticity, learning, and emotional balance. Cardiovascularly, magnesium helps preserve normal myocardial electrical activity, vascular tone, and blood pressure regulation.

Muscle health also depends on magnesium’s role in calcium handling within cells. Adequate magnesium ensures proper contraction and relaxation cycles, reducing the likelihood of cramping, spasms, or fatigue. Collectively, these functions illustrate why even mild magnesium insufficiency can influence sleep quality, cognitive clarity, muscle performance, and cardiovascular health.*

Integrative Brain-Focused Magnesium: Magtein®

Not all forms of magnesium are the same. Many common forms – like magnesium oxide or citrate – primarily act in the digestive tract and muscles. Magtein (magnesium L-threonate), however, was developed to support brain magnesium levels more effectively.

Magtein combines magnesium with L-threonic acid, a metabolite of vitamin C, allowing it to cross the blood-brain barrier and increase magnesium concentrations within neurons. Research suggests this may support healthy synaptic density, learning ability, and overall cognitive performance.*

In human studies, daily supplementation with 1.5–2 grams of magnesium L-threonate (providing 108-144 mg elemental magnesium) has been associated with:

  • Improved memory and executive function*
  • Support for sleep quality and relaxation*
  • Greater mental clarity during the day*

This makes Magtein a valuable addition for individuals seeking a more integrative approach – supporting both body-wide magnesium balance and brain-focused performance.*

Ensuring Adequate Magnesium Intake

Supporting healthy magnesium levels involves daily habits that combine nutrition, movement, rest, and thoughtful supplementation.

  1. Prioritize Dietary Sources: Choose magnesium-rich foods like spinach, Swiss chard, almonds, cashews, pumpkin seeds, black beans, lentils, quinoa, and brown rice. Including a mix of these foods daily helps meet magnesium needs naturally. They also provide nutrients such as vitamin B6 and antioxidants, which help the body use magnesium effectively.
  2. Support with Lifestyle Habits: Stay hydrated, move regularly, and maintain a consistent sleep schedule. Dehydration reduces magnesium transport, and intense exercise increases loss through sweat. Quality sleep helps magnesium support the nervous system’s repair and recovery processes.
  3. Address Low Magnesium Proactively: Some people – especially athletes, older adults, and those with digestive challenges – may need more than diet alone provides. Clinically studied supplements such as Magtein can support absorption and brain bioavailability. Consistent use with meals can help maintain magnesium-dependent processes tied to cognition, mood, and muscle function.*
  4. Monitor and Use Safely: Most people tolerate magnesium well, but higher doses can cause temporary digestive discomfort. Starting low and increasing slowly helps the body adjust. Those with kidney concerns or medications that affect magnesium should consult a healthcare professional before use.*

By combining magnesium-rich foods, lifestyle strategies, and evidence-based supplementation when appropriate, individuals can support magnesium status and overall wellness.*

Leafy greens, nuts, and legumes offer natural magnesium to help maintain healthy balance and energy.*

Key Takeaways

Magnesium supports energy production, brain and muscle performance, heart rhythm, and mood balance. Low magnesium can show up as fatigue, cramping, restless sleep, or irritability. Focusing on nutrient-dense foods and, when appropriate, brain-targeted forms like Magtein helps maintain resilience, focus, and calm throughout the day.*

References

  1. Volpe SL. Magnesium in disease prevention and overall health. Adv Nutr. 2013;4(3):378S-383S.
  2. Rosanoff A, Weaver CM, Rude RK. Suboptimal magnesium status in the United States: Are the health consequences underestimated? Nutr Rev. 2012;70(3):153-164.
  3. Slutsky I, Abumaria N, Wu LJ, et al. Enhancement of learning and memory by elevating brain magnesium. Neuron. 2010;65(2):165–177.
  4. Liu G, Weinger JG, Lu ZL, et al. Chronic oral administration of magnesium-L-threonate improves learning and memory and upregulates synaptic plasticity-related proteins in aged rats. J Alzheimers Dis. 2016;49(4):953–966.
  5. Hausenblas HA, Lynch T, Hooper S, et al. Magnesium-L-threonate improves sleep quality and daytime functioning in adults with self-reported sleep problems: A randomized controlled trial. Sleep Med X. 2024;8:100121.
  6. National Institutes of Health (NIH). Magnesium – Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Magnesium-HealthProfessional/. Accessed 2025.


These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

The History of Magtein®: From Discovery to Innovation

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Magnesium plays a vital role in brain health. However, not all forms of magnesium can easily cross the blood-brain barrier to support cognitive function. Magtein (magnesium L-threonate) was created to overcome this challenge. Understanding its history reveals how scientific innovation can transform a well-known mineral into a brain-targeted supplement.*

The Discovery of Magnesium’s Role in the Brain

Magnesium has long been recognized as an essential mineral involved in more than 300 biochemical reactions throughout the body. Early research emphasized its importance in nerve signaling, synaptic plasticity, and learning.

However, most common forms – such as magnesium oxide or citrate – mainly support muscle and cardiovascular health. They have limited ability to raise magnesium levels in the brain. As research advanced, scientists began searching for new forms of magnesium that could effectively reach the brain to support cognitive performance.

Ultimately, researchers identified magnesium’s limited transport across the blood-brain barrier as a key barrier to its neurological benefits.

From scientific discovery to brain health innovation – Magtein® represents decades of magnesium research designed to enhance cognitive function and support better sleep.

The Development of Magnesium L-Threonate

To address the challenge of poor magnesium absorption in the brain, neuroscientists developed magnesium L-threonate. This compound combines magnesium with L-threonic acid, a metabolite of vitamin C that enhances magnesium’s ability to dissolve and move through the body.

This pairing increases solubility, meaning magnesium can dissolve more effectively in water and body fluids. Better solubility improves absorption through the digestive tract and helps magnesium travel across cell and brain membranes. This is especially important for the brain, where magnesium uptake is highly regulated. By improving both solubility and transport, magnesium L-threonate helps magnesium reach brain regions involved in focus, relaxation, and sleep regulation.*

Innovative Mechanism of Action

Human studies have shown that magnesium L-threonate can increase magnesium levels in the brain, thereby supporting essential processes related to learning, memory, and emotional balance.*

  • Synaptic plasticity and learning: Magnesium helps activate NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptors, which are critical for learning and memory. These receptors regulate calcium flow between neurons, strengthening communication and adaptability. Consequently, balanced NMDA activity promotes effective learning responses and supports overall cognitive function.*
  • Neuronal stability: Magnesium also supports steady communication between brain cells by balancing excitatory and calming neurotransmitters. Furthermore, it helps prevent overstimulation and promotes calm, clear signaling. This, in turn, contributes to better focus, emotional steadiness, and cognitive clarity throughout the day.*
  • Sleep and emotional balance: Brain magnesium supports relaxation by influencing GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) pathways, which help calm neural activity before rest. Additionally, it plays a role in maintaining healthy circadian rhythms that guide natural sleep-wake cycles. Together, these effects support deeper, more restorative sleep and balanced emotional well-being.*

Because of this targeted mechanism, magnesium L-threonate differs from other forms of magnesium that primarily support muscles or energy metabolism. Instead, it delivers magnesium directly to the brain, thereby supporting mental clarity, relaxation, and quality rest as part of a balanced lifestyle.*unique design helps deliver magnesium to the brain, supporting mental clarity, calmness, and restorative rest as part of a balanced lifestyle.*

Key Milestones in Magtein Research

The development of Magtein has been marked by several critical studies demonstrating its efficacy in humans:

  • Cognitive benefits: In a trial led by Liu et al., older adults with subjective memory complaints showed significant improvements in working memory, attention, and executive function after 12 weeks of magnesium L-threonate supplementation.
  • Sleep and mood support: Hausenblas et al., demonstrated improved sleep quality, deep sleep duration, and reduced irritability in adults using magnesium L-threonate over several weeks.
  • Stress regulation: Ongoing clinical trials, including the study Magnesium L-Threonate for Anxiety, Mood, and Sleep Quality in Older Adults (NCT02363634), are investigating the role of brain magnesium in supporting emotional resilience.*

These studies highlight a continuum from discovery to practical application, demonstrating how scientific innovation can translate into meaningful, structure/function benefits for consumers.

Magtein in the Context of Healthy Aging

As people live longer, maintaining brain health and emotional balance becomes increasingly important. Magnesium L-threonate supports this goal by helping maintain healthy brain magnesium levels, which in turn promote:

  • Memory retention and learning*
  • Stress management and emotional well-being*
  • Restorative sleep and next-day focus*

Although research is ongoing, current evidence suggests that Magtein can be part of a science-backed approach to supporting healthy cognitive aging.*

Magtein supports cognitive clarity and healthy aging, reflecting ongoing research into magnesium’s vital role in memory, focus, and overall brain wellness.

Future Directions and Ongoing Research

Current studies continue to explore how magnesium L-threonate may benefit brain health in broader ways, including:

  • Long-term cognitive outcomes in adults over 70
  • Potential synergies with other nutrients for brain support
  • Mood and stress regulation across diverse populations

Future findings will help refine how magnesium L-threonate fits into holistic strategies for maintaining mental clarity, emotional balance, and sleep quality.*

The Takeaway

The history of Magtein illustrates the evolution of scientific discovery into practical innovation. By addressing the challenge of brain magnesium delivery, magnesium L-threonate supports memory, sleep, and emotional balance in adults.* Its development highlights the intersection of biochemistry, neuroscience, and nutritional science, providing a foundation for healthy aging and cognitive resilience.

References

  • Liu G, Weinger JG, Lu ZL, et al. Magnesium-L-threonate supplementation improves memory and attention in older adults with cognitive complaints: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Alzheimers Dis. 2016;49(4):971–990.
  • Hausenblas HA, Lynch T, Hooper S, et al. Magnesium-L-threonate improves sleep quality and daytime functioning in adults with self-reported sleep problems: a randomized controlled trial. Sleep Med X. 2024;8:100121.
  • ClinicalTrials.gov. Magnesium L-Threonate for Anxiety, Mood and Sleep Quality in Older Adults (NCT02363634). https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02363634
  • Barbagallo M, Dominguez LJ. Magnesium and aging. Curr Pharm Des. 2010;16(7):832–839.

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Magtein® and Healthy Aging: What Human Trials Reveal About Memory, Sleep, and Stress

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Your brain is designed to learn, adapt, and manage stress throughout life. As we age, memory, sleep quality, and emotional resilience may decline. Supporting brain magnesium levels helps maintain these vital functions. Magtein (magnesium L-threonate) has been studied for its ability to support memory, sleep, and stress regulation.*

Magtein (magnesium L-threonate) may support restorative sleep, stress regulation, and memory, helping you wake up feeling refreshed and energized.

What Is Magtein?

Magtein is a patented form of magnesium L-threonate, developed by neuroscientists to improve magnesium’s ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and increase brain magnesium concentrations.*

Magnesium supports hundreds of biochemical reactions tied to cognition, sleep, and mood.* Standard forms such as oxide, citrate, and glycinate do not easily reach the brain. Clinical research on Magtein shows its unique ability to elevate brain magnesium levels and support cognitive performance in adults.*

Memory and Cognitive Performance

A 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial by Liu et al. examined magnesium L-threonate in adults aged 50-70 with mild memory complaints. Participants took the supplement daily and completed memory, attention, and executive function tests.

Key Findings:

  • Working memory, attention, and executive function improved compared with placebo.
  • Some measures approached the performance of healthy, age-matched peers.
  • Brain magnesium levels increased, confirming effective absorption into brain tissue.

These findings suggest magnesium L-threonate supports cognitive clarity and memory in older adults with mild cognitive concerns.*

Magtein supports cognitive clarity and memory in older adults, promoting healthy brain function and meaningful connections across generations.

Sleep Quality and Daytime Function

Beyond cognition, magnesium plays an important role in sleep regulation. A 2024 randomized controlled trial by Hausenblas et al. evaluated magnesium L-threonate in 80 adults aged 35–55 with self-reported sleep disturbances. Participants received 1 g/day for three weeks.

Key Findings:

  • Participants reported more restful sleep and better mood upon waking.
  • Wearable devices showed increased deep and REM sleep.
  • No major adverse events were reported.

Magnesium L-threonate may support restorative sleep and balanced energy during the day.*

Stress, Mood, and Emotional Well-Being

Emerging research indicates that magnesium levels in the brain can influence mood and stress resilience. In the Hausenblas et al. trial, participants reported less irritability and greater calmness upon awakening.*

A 12-week clinical trial (NCT02363634) is assessing magnesium L-threonate’s effects on anxiety and mood in older adults. Early data suggest potential benefits for emotional balance and resilience as part of a healthy lifestyle.*

Safety and How to Use Magtein

The supplement is often taken in divided doses – morning and evening – to help maintain steady brain magnesium levels.* It can be taken with or without food and is generally well tolerated.*

Consult a healthcare provider before use if you are pregnant, nursing, taking medication, or have a medical condition. Benefits may take several weeks to appear as magnesium builds within brain tissue.*

What the Research Shows – and What’s Next

Current human trials support Magtein for:

  • Memory and cognitive performance*
  • Sleep quality and daytime alertness*
  • Emotional balance and stress support*
Magtein may help maintain focus, memory, and emotional balance, supporting healthy cognitive function during mentally engaging activities like chess.

However, most studies are short-term (3-12 weeks) and involve adults without severe cognitive or sleep disorders. Long-term studies in older adults and clinical populations are still ongoing.

To maintain compliance, any product claims should remain structure/function-based (e.g., “supports memory and sleep quality”) and not imply treatment or prevention of disease.*

The Takeaway

Human clinical research shows that Magtein can help support memory, improve sleep quality, and promote emotional balance in adults.* By restoring magnesium levels in the brain, it supports the foundation of healthy cognitive aging, focus, and stress resilience.*

References

  1. Liu G, Weinger JG, Lu ZL, et al. Magnesium-L-threonate supplementation improves memory and attention in older adults with cognitive complaints: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Alzheimers Dis. 2016;49(4):971–990.
  2. Hausenblas HA, Lynch T, Hooper S, et al. Magnesium-L-threonate improves sleep quality and daytime functioning in adults with self-reported sleep problems: a randomized controlled trial. Sleep Med X. 2024;8:100121.
  3. ClinicalTrials.gov. Magnesium L-Threonate for Anxiety, Mood and Sleep Quality in Older Adults (NCT02363634). https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02363634

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

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